1 Anti-influenza Drugs Key Raw Materials Analysis
Currently, there are two main classes of anti-influenza drugs on the market: neuraminidase inhibitors (such as oseltamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir) and M2 ion channel blockers (such as amantadine, rimantadine). M2 ion channel blockers have only anti-influenza A virus activity, and amantadines are not recommended for the treatment of influenza in many countries due to the current influenza virus resistance to amantadines. NA inhibitors are currently the only recommended anti-influenza drugs. One of the most widely used is oseltamivir because it has good oral bioavailability.
Oseltamivir is synthesized mainly from shikimic acid and quinic acid. Shikimic acid is a white crystalline powder easily soluble in water and is an important metabolic product of plants and microorganisms. Shikimic acid can be extracted from plants such as star anise. Quinic acid is an alicyclic organic acid unique to higher plants, and it is a precursor to the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. It exists in vascular plants and often coexists with shikimic acid in plants. Quinic acid can be extracted from the bark of the cinchona tree.
2 Key Raw Materials Price Trend
The raw materials of Oseltamivir are shikimic acid and quinic acid. The price of shikimic acid and quinic acid is mainly determined by the relationship between production cost and market demand. Shikimic acid is a monomer compound extracted from the fruit of the genus anise. Octagon is mainly found in Southeast Asia and North America. Asia accounts for 80 per cent of that. In Southeast Asia, China is the main producing area, followed by Vietnam, Cambodia and other countries. Anise is harvested from March to May each year and supplies are extremely limited. In recent years, the price of shikimic acid fluctuates greatly as the production of raw star anise decreases greatly. Quinic acid is extracted from the bark of Cinchona, Cinchona tree is suitable for growing in a warm, frost-free climate environment, requiring an annual average temperature of 21° C, the average minimum temperature of 13.5 ° C, when the temperature is as low as 1 ~ 2 ° C, the ground part is frozen to death when below 0 ° C. Due to the strict requirements of the climate environment, the distribution range of cinchona trees is narrow and limited, which leads to the instability of the supply of quinic acid raw materials. If the market supply of shikimic acid and quinic acid raw materials is low, the production cost of shikimic acid and quinic acid will increase and the output will decrease. If the market demand for shikimic acid and quinic acid is greater than the supply, it will cause the price of shikimic acid and quinic acid to rise. In general, shikimic acid and quinic acid are mainly derived from plant extracts, so the yield is affected by climate and environment. Shikimic acid and quinic acid prices will fluctuate within a certain range according to market supply and demand.
3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Raw material suppliers are primarily involved in two key anti-influenza drug ingredients: mangiferolic acid and quinic acid. Mangiferolic acid and quinic acid are the main raw materials used in the synthesis of oseltamivir, a common anti-influenza drug, and they are mainly extracted from plants. Mangiferolic acid can be extracted from plants such as anise, while quinic acid is mainly extracted from the bark of the cinchona tree. The availability of these raw materials is affected by climate and environment, and therefore supply stability may be affected by these factors.
Major suppliers of mangiferolic acid include JIAHERB, Guilin Rhine Biotechnology Co., Ltd and Fujian Yiyi Xinghua Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. These companies are located in China and offer mangiferic acid and related products with contact information and addresses for ease of business contact and sourcing.
The major suppliers of Quinic Acid include Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sigma Aldrich and Selleck Chemicals, which are located in the United States and offer Quinic Acid and related products and services, also with contact details and addresses.
Overall, suppliers of raw materials for anti-influenza drugs are spread across the globe with a major concentration in Asia and North America. These suppliers are critical to the production of anti-flu drugs as they provide the necessary raw materials, which in turn affects the cost and availability of anti-flu drugs. As the market demand for anti-influenza drugs grows, the stability and reliability of these suppliers becomes increasingly important to the industry as a whole.
Table Key Raw Materials Suppliers
Raw Material | Suppliers | Contact Information |
Shikimic acid | JIAHERB |
|
Guilin Rhine Biotechnology Co., Ltd. |
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Fujian Yiyi Xinghua Biotechnology Development Co., Ltd. |
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Thermo Fisher Scientific |
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Sigma Aldrich |
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Selleck Chemicals |
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4 Anti-influenza Drugs Distributors List
The major Distributors in the Anti-influenza Drugs market are Massachusetts General Hospital, Assistance Publique – Hopitaux de Paris, Walgreens Boots Alliance, CVS Health, Top Value Pharmacy, Lbx Pharmacy Chain Joint Stock Company, China Nepstar , etc.
Table Major Distributors of Anti-influenza Drugs with Contact Information
Distributors | Contact Information |
Massachusetts General Hospital |
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Assistance Publique – Hopitaux de Paris |
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Walgreens Boots Alliance |
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CVS Health |
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Top Value Pharmacy |
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Lbx Pharmacy Chain Joint Stock Company |
|
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5 Anti-influenza Drugs Customers
The downstream customers of anti-influenza drugs are influenza patients and consumers who need to prevent influenza, and these consumers mainly buy them through hospitals, clinics, pharmacies and other channels. From the age of patients treated, anti-influenza drugs can be used to treat children and adults as well as the elderly. Patients of different ages need to take different doses. Due to the increasing infectivity of influenza and people’s health awareness, the demand of downstream consumers for anti-influenza drugs is increasing. Increasing downstream demand is driving the development of the industry.
6 Anti-influenza Drugs Industrial Chain Analysis
The upstream of anti-influenza drugs are mainly raw material drug suppliers and pharmaceutical intermediate suppliers. Suppliers of pharmaceutical intermediates can mainly include manufacturers of materials such as shikimic acid and quinic acid. The midstream of the industry is mainly anti-influenza drugs product manufacturers, mainly responsible for product research and development, production, and sales. The end downstream customers of anti-influenza drugs are mainly influenza patients. These patients can purchase products through pharmacies, hospitals and other channels.
7 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Anti-influenza Drugs
After synthesizing oseltamivir from shikimic acid, the oseltamivir drug can be prepared by a common wet granulation process. The wet granulation process is a method of preparing granules by adding a liquid binder to the drug powder and relying on the bridging or bonding effect of the binder to agglomerate the powder together. The product has beautiful appearance, good fluidity, strong wear resistance and good compression formability. The production process mainly includes raw and auxiliary material preparation, crushing, mixing, making soft materials, granulating, drying, granulating, and tableting.
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Anti-influenza Drugs
